Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Building Anti-Bullying School Culture

Arif Rahman Hakim; Muhammad Hasyim; Ahmad Budiyono; Hani Adi Wijono

doi:10.59373/drs.v3i2.108

Authors

Arif Rahman Hakim IAI Al-Urwatul Wutsqo Jombang, Indonesia
Muhammad Hasyim Universitas Al-Qolam Malang, Indonesia
Ahmad Budiyono IAI Al-Urwatul Wutsqo Jombang, Indonesia
Hani Adi Wijono IAI Al-Urwatul Wutsqo Jombang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59373/drs.v3i2.108

Keywords:

Islamic Religious Education Teacher, Bullying Prevention, Character Education, Religious Habituation, Student Morality

Abstract

Bullying has become a persistent challenge in educational environments, affecting students’ psychological well-being, social relationships, and academic development. In response to increasing concerns regarding school violence and student morality, the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in fostering character development and preventing bullying has gained growing attention. This study aims to analyze the role of PAI teachers in building an anti-bullying school culture at SMP Negeri 5 Jombang. This research employed a qualitative case study approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving PAI teachers, counseling teachers, school administrators, and students. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that PAI teachers play strategic roles as moral educators, spiritual mentors, and social role models in preventing bullying through religious guidance, emotional mentoring, moral habituation, and character education programs. Religious activities such as congregational prayers, Qur’anic recitation, istighosah, and Islamic spiritual programs contribute significantly to strengthening students’ empathy, emotional discipline, tolerance, and social awareness. The study also found that bullying prevention becomes more effective when supported through collaboration among PAI teachers, counseling teachers, school administrators, and parents. However, challenges related to digital media exposure, peer-group influence, and limited parental supervision continue to affect students’ behavior.This study contributes to the growing discourse on religion-based bullying prevention and highlights the importance of integrating moral internalization, emotional guidance, and collaborative educational approaches in creating sustainable anti-bullying school cultures.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aisyah, I. N. N., Setiawan, D., & Fadilah, L. (2025). Role of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Instilling Empathy in Vocational High School Students. Journal of Contemporary Islamic Education, 5(2), 133–145. https://journal.iaimnumetrolampung.ac.id/index.php/cie/article/view/5707

Akbar, M. A., & Arifin, S. (2025). Adaptive Strategies of Islamic Education (PAI) Teachers toward Digital-Based Islamic Education Policies: A Case Study at SMAN 1 Selong | ISLAMIKA. https://ejournal.stitpn.ac.id/index.php/islamika/article/view/6020

Albert, A., & Husni, A. (2023). Developing Soft Skills in Teaching PAI. BICC Proceedings, 1, 76–84. https://doi.org/10.30983/bicc.v1i1.29

Ali, Moh., Perdana, F. J., Prawironegoro, A. H., Huda, F. A., & Kartiko, A. (2026). Evaluation of the Distance Learning Learning Model of the Priority Program of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. Urwatul Wutsqo: Jurnal Studi Kependidikan Dan Keislaman, 15(01), 193–209. https://doi.org/10.54437/urwatulwutsqo.v15i01.2887

Anjani, S. L., Winawati, Meisya, C., Hopeman, T. A., Adela, D., & Utomo, U. (2024). The Relationship of Bullying to Self-Confidence Students Through a Humanist Approach. 130–148. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-249-1_17

Aprilianto, A., & Fatikh, A. (2024). Implikasi Teori Operant Conditioning terhadap Perundungan di Sekolah. Urwatul Wutsqo: Jurnal Studi Kependidikan Dan Keislaman, 13(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.54437/urwatulwutsqo.v13i1.1332

Arifudin, Y. F., Akil, A., & Susanto, A. (2026). Strengthening the Islamic Education Curriculum to Prevent Bullying in Boarding Schools: A Contextual Study at Husnul Khotimah. BIS Education, 2, V226006–V226006. https://doi.org/10.31603/bised.631

Azizah, M., Hasan, M. S., & Syarkun, M. B. (2025). Collaborative Management Model for Bullying Prevention in Islamic Boarding Schools: A Multi-Stakeholder Approach. Nidhomul Haq : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 10(3), 617–629. https://doi.org/10.31538/ndhq.v10i3.246

Azizah, M., Jariah, S., & Aprilianto, A. (2023). Pembentukan Karakter Religius Siswa Melalui Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan. Ngaos: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 1(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.59373/ngaos.v1i1.2

Barboza, G. E., Schiamberg, L. B., Oehmke, J., Korzeniewski, S. J., Post, L. A., & Heraux, C. G. (2009). Individual Characteristics and the Multiple Contexts of Adolescent Bullying: An Ecological Perspective. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 38(1), 101–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-008-9271-1

Bouchard, K. L., & Smith, J. D. (2017). Teacher–Student Relationship Quality and Children’s Bullying Experiences With Peers: Reflecting on the Mesosystem. The Educational Forum, 81(1), 108–125. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131725.2016.1243182

Carney, A. G., & Merrell, K. W. (2001). Bullying in Schools: Perspectives on Understanding and Preventing an International Problem. School Psychology International, 22(3), 364–382. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034301223011

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. SAGE Publications.

Dewi, S., Zamroni, M. A., & Leksono, A. A. (2024). Penanaman Sikap Moderasi Beragama Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Melalui Pembelajaran PAI. Irsyaduna: Jurnal Studi Kemahasiswaaan, 4(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.54437/irsyaduna.v4i1.1558

Dwistia, H., Tanzania, A., Anisak, S. D., & Wantika, W. (2024). Digital Technology And Adolescent Behavior Transformation: The Challenges Of Moral Education In Schools. JURNAL PEDAGOGY, 17(2), 230–240. https://doi.org/10.63889/pedagogy.v17i2.240

Emzir. (2014). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif: Analisis Data. PT Raja Grafindo.

Flannery, D. J., Todres, J., Bradshaw, C. P., Amar, A. F., Graham, S., Hatzenbuehler, M., Masiello, M., Moreno, M., Sullivan, R., Vaillancourt, T., Le Menestrel, S. M., & Rivara, F. (2016). Bullying Prevention: A Summary of the Report of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Prevention Science, 17(8), 1044–1053. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-016-0722-8

Furseth, I., & Repstad, P. (2023). An introduction to the sociology of religion: Classical and contemporary perspectives. Routledge.

Hadi, M. Y., & Prayogi, D. S. T. (2025). Managing Islamic School Culture to Develop Students’ Religious Character. Journal of Educational Research and Practice, 3(2), 255–275. (Jakarta, Indonesia). https://doi.org/10.70376/jerp.v3i2.304

Hasan, M. S., & Azizah, M. (2022). Reconstructing the Islamic Religious Education Curriculum with a Bullying Prevention Perspective. Tafkir: Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Education, 3(2), 287–297. https://doi.org/10.31538/tijie.v3i2.1702

Hasanah, U. (2025). Exploring Religious Education and Character Development in Pesantren: A Phenomenological Study. Journal of Educational Innovation and Research, 1(4), 119–127. https://journals.ai-mrc.com/index.php/jeir/article/view/242

Hidayah, I. N., Kurniawaty, I., & Parhan, M. (2025). RELIGIOUS-BASED HABITUATION AND THE CULTIVATION OF INTERRELIGIOUS HARMONY IN SCHOOL CULTURE. Harmoni, 24(2), 326–342. https://doi.org/10.32488/harmoni.v24i2.855

Irwanto, I., Bahfiarti, T., Unde, A. A., & Sonni, A. F. (2025). Social Network Analysis of Information Flow and Opinion Formation on Indonesian Social Media: A Case Study of Youth Violence. Adolescents, 5(2), 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/adolescents5020018

Izza, L. F., Fauziah, E., Astuti, N. D., Tomia, E., & Fahiyana, A. (2026). Institutionalizing Religious Habituation Through Lecture SOPs: A Qualitative Study of Student Character Formation. Urwatul Wutsqo: Jurnal Studi Kependidikan Dan Keislaman, 15(01), 15–34. https://doi.org/10.54437/urwatulwutsqo.v15i01.2668

Jayadi, S. (2025). Harmony in Diversity: Exploring Religiosity Cohesion Among Muslim, Hindu, and Buddhist Communities in North Lombok, Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 15(1), 262–276.

Khotijah, S., Hasanah, U., Afifah, M., & Nur, N. N. (2025). Efforts To Implement Religious Education In Preventing Pre-Marital Sexual Behavior Among Teens In General High School And Islamic Boarding School In Sumenep Regency. International Conference on Islam Nusantara, 1(1), 842–860. https://icnara.proceeding.uinkhas.ac.id/index.php/home/article/view/143

Komariah, N., & Nihayah, I. (2023). Improving The Personality Character of Students Through Learning Islamic Religious Education. At-Tadzkir: Islamic Education Journal, 2(1), 65–77. https://doi.org/10.59373/attadzkir.v2i1.15

Lickona, T. (2019). Pendidikan karakter: Panduan lengkap mendidik siswa menjadi pintar & baik. Nusamedia.

Mahfudi, A. Q., & Rifa’i, M. (2025). Implementation of School Culture in Improving Religious Character in Islamic Boarding Schools. Urwatul Wutsqo: Jurnal Studi Kependidikan Dan Keislaman, 14(2), 493–509. https://doi.org/10.54437/urwatulwutsqo.v14i2.2206

Mamirjonovna, M. M. (2023). Mechanism of Development of Students’ Spiritual Development Following Professional Training. ASEAN Journal of Religion, Education, and Society, 3(1), 1–10. https://ejournal.bumipublikasinusantara.id/index.php/ajores/article/view/397

Melawati, L. B. (2024). Exploration of child bullying cases and school-based anti-bullying interventions and community empowerment in Semarang City. Journal of Gender Equality Disability Social Inclusion and Children, 2(1), 16–32. https://doi.org/10.61511/jgedsic.v2i1.2024.879

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook. 3rd. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Mishna, F. (2012). Bullying: A guide to research, intervention, and prevention. OUP USA.

Murniasih, E., Wasehudin, W., Patimah, S., & Pebrina, R. (2025). Integration of Digital Ethics into Islamic Religious Education: A Case Study at Vocational High School. Ta’dib, 28(2), 411–426. https://doi.org/10.31958/jt.v28i2.15404

Nickerson, A. B. (2019). Preventing and Intervening with Bullying in Schools: A Framework for Evidence-Based Practice. School Mental Health, 11(1), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-017-9221-8

Nurlia, A., & Suardiman, S. P. (2020). The phenomenon of bullying in junior high school students nowadays. International Journal of Education and Learning, 2(1), 7–13. https://doi.org/10.31763/ijele.v2i1.62

Odewole, I. F., Ayomide, N. O., & Asiyanbi, M. (2025). The Role of Substance Abuse, Childhood Trauma, Peer Pressure, Poor Parental Monitoring and Social Media in Fueling Aggression among Delinquent Adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. NIU Journal of Humanities, 10(2), 121–129. https://doi.org/10.58709/niujhu.v10i2.2202

Rachmawati, D. W., Sholeh, M., & Rifqi, A. (2025). School and Parent Collaboration through the SOBAT Program in Tackling Student Bullying. Lectura : Jurnal Pendidikan, 16(2), 725–736. https://doi.org/10.31849/w1etrm54

Rohman, M. A., Muhibbi, M. S., Mafrukha, W. N., & Suratin, S. I. (2025). Integrating Islamic Religious Education And Social Emotional Learning For Developing Moderate Character In Students. Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 14(001), 143–160.

Salmivalli, C., Laninga-Wijnen, L., Malamut, S. T., & Garandeau, C. F. (2021). Bullying Prevention in Adolescence: Solutions and New Challenges from the Past Decade. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 31(4), 1023–1046. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12688

Sari, A. P. (2024). Enhancing Islamic Education Through PAIS Work Programs: A Case Study in Sleman District’s Ministry of Religious Affairs. Journal of Islamic Education Management Research, 2(1), 81–87. https://doi.org/10.14421/jiemr.2024.21-09

Schnitker, S. A., King, P. E., & Houltberg, B. (2019). Religion, Spirituality, and Thriving: Transcendent Narrative, Virtue, and Telos. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 29(2), 276–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12443

Schuman, S. (2013). If Honors Students Were People: Holistic Honors Education. National Collegiate Honors Council Monograph Series. ERIC.

Sugiyono, D. (2013). Metode penelitian pendidikan pendekatan kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D.

Supriyandi, R., Chandra, P., & Marhayati, N. (2025). Teachers’ Strategies in Instilling Religious and Disciplinary Character Values. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 15(2), 196–209. https://doi.org/10.38073/jpi.v15i2.3379

Suryanti, B., Mukhlishin, M., & Nurjannah, N. (2025). The Effectiveness of Arabic Language Learning in Preventing Bullying Behavior in Students of Luqman AL-Hakim Mataram Integral Elementary School. Attadrib: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, 8(3), 781–793. https://doi.org/10.54069/attadrib.v8i3.1090

ten Bokkel, I. M., Roorda, D. L., Maes, M., Verschueren, K., & Colpin, H. (2023). The Role of Affective Teacher–Student Relationships in Bullying and Peer Victimization: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis. School Psychology Review, 52(2), 110–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/2372966X.2022.2029218

Vreeman, R. C., & Carroll, A. E. (2007). A Systematic Review of School-Based Interventions to Prevent Bullying. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 161(1), 78–88. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.161.1.78

Whitted, K. S., & Dupper, D. R. (2005). Best Practices for Preventing or Reducing Bullying in Schools. Children & Schools, 27(3), 167–175. https://doi.org/10.1093/cs/27.3.167

Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications. Sage Thousand Oaks, CA.

Zahrani, Y. (2024). Systematic Literature Review: The Effects of Bullying on Students. King Khalid University Journal of Health Sciences, 9(2), 80. https://doi.org/10.4103/KKUJHS.KKUJHS_12_24